## Opening a terminal for the first time

### how to get to a command-line prompt

    Linux

    On modern Linux systems, it is usually easy to find.  An icon should look
    like a computer monitor, or perhaps a paneless window (i.e. just a frame, no
    cross pieces).

    Some places to look might be:
       Applications
       Applications -> System Tools

    OS X

    On a mac, the useful programs can generally be found (using Finder) at one
    of the following locations (listed in the order of initial usefulness):

       Applications -> Utilities -> XQuartz
       Applications -> Utilities -> X11
       Applications -> Utilities -> Terminal

    The XQuartz and X11 icons should have a big 'X' in them, while the Terminal
    application's icon looks like a simple monitor or paneless window (i.e. just a
    frame, no cross pieces).

    It is usually convenient to drag the desired program to the dock, since
    (hopefully) it will be used more often than iTunes, say...

    Comments:

       AFNI programs run on the X11 window management system, which is the default
       on most Unix systems.  But while macs can use the X11 system, it is not used
       by default.

       XQuartz is basically just a newer version of X11.

       Some people prefer using the Terminal application rather than the xterm that
       starts up when using X11 or XQuartz.  That is up to you.

    10.6 only:

       Note that on 10.6 the Terminal application will not automatically start X11,
       meaning starting afni might not do anything.

    10.7 and 10.8:

       Terminal starts X11 automatically on 10.7 and 10.8 (but not on 10.6).

    10.8 only:

       On a new 10.8 system, the first time one of these programs is opened
       (or possibly after the program is opened and then the user runs 'afni',
       for example), the user will be prompted to install XQuartz.  A web page
       will be opened where one can download and install the .dmg package.

       XQuartz (and X11) do not come by default, so there is a brief extra
       step to install it.